Immediate remove cookie data in zend-mvc application
In zend-mvc application, we can utilize Zend\Http\Header\SetCookie header to set cookie to be added to response header. For example, we have a setAction() to set it, we can do:
use Zend\Http\Header\SetCookie;
// ...
public function setAction()
{
$request = $this->getRequest();
$response = $this->getResponse();
$response->getHeaders()->addHeader(new SetCookie(
// name
'test',
// value
'abc',
// expires
\time() + (60 * 60 * 24 * 365),
// path
'/',
// domain
null,
// secure
$request->getUri()->getScheme() === 'https',
// httponly
true
));
return $response;
}
// ...
Above, we set cookie with name “test” with value “abc”, with expires 1 year. To remove it completely before 1 year hit, we can pass 8th parameter as maxAge to be 0, so, for example, we have a removeAction to remove it, we can do:
use Zend\Http\Header\SetCookie;
// ...
public function removeAction()
{
$request = $this->getRequest();
$response = $this->getResponse();
$cookie = $request->getCookie();
if (! isset($cookie['test'])) {
// already removed, return response early
return $response;
}
$response->getHeaders()->addHeader(new SetCookie(
'test',
null, // no need to set value
null, // no need to set expires
'/',
null,
$request->getUri()->getScheme() === 'https',
true,
0 // set maxAge to 0 make "test" cookie gone
));
return $response;
}
// ...
That’s it!
Using PSR-7 UploadedFileInterface with zend-filter’s File and zend-validator’s File in zend-form instance
The latest zend-filter:^2.9 and zend-validator:^2.12 have full support for PSR-7 UploadedFileInterface handling. If we are using it with zend-form instance:
use Zend\Diactoros\StreamFactory;
use Zend\Diactoros\UploadedFileFactory;
use Zend\Filter\File\RenameUpload;
use Zend\Validator\File\Size;
// ...
public function getInputFilterSpecification()
{
return [
[
'name' => 'filename',
'required' => true,
'filters' => [
[
'name' => RenameUpload::class,
'options' => [
'target' => \getcwd() . '/public/uploads',
'use_upload_extension' => true,
'use_upload_name' => true,
'overwrite' => true,
'randomize' => true,
'stream_factory' => new StreamFactory(),
'upload_file_factory' => new UploadedFileFactory(),
],
],
],
'validators' => [
[
'name' => Size::class,
'options' => [
'max' => '10MB',
],
],
],
],
];
}
// ...
The only config that needed to be changed is in the filters: the stream_factory and upload_file_factory config with provide objects of class that implements Psr\Http\Message\StreamFactoryInterface and Psr\Http\UploadedFileFactoryInterface, which if we are using zend-diactoros, we can use Zend\Diactoros\StreamFactory and Zend\Diactoros\UploadedFileFactory.
For Form set data, we can now do the following:
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
// ...
// $request is an object of class implements ServerRequestInterface
$postAndFileData = \array_merge_recursive(
$request->getParsedBody(),
$request->getUploadedFiles()
);
// ...
On get data, we have different result from normal Zend\Http\Phpenvironment\Request. If we are using normal Zend\Http\Phpenvironment\Request, we normally get the following data:
array (size=1)
'filename' =>
array (size=5)
'name' => string 'Untitled-1.png' (length=14)
'type' => string 'image/png' (length=9)
'size' => int 761087
'tmp_name' => string '/path/to/public/uploads/Untitled-1_5c51c49e1d0855_97287659.png' (length=103)
'error' => int 0
With the new parameters, the form data will be:
array (size=1)
'filename' =>
object(Zend\Diactoros\UploadedFile)[966]
private 'clientFilename' => string 'Untitled-1.png' (length=14)
private 'clientMediaType' => string 'image/png' (length=9)
private 'error' => int 0
private 'file' => null
private 'moved' => boolean false
private 'size' => int 761087
private 'stream' =>
object(Zend\Diactoros\Stream)[967]
protected 'resource' => resource(12, stream)
protected 'stream' => string '/path/to/public/uploads/Untitled-1_5c51c49e1d0855_97287659.png' (length=103)
We can consume the file uploaded data from Zend\Diactoros\UploadedFile‘s functions, or we want a array data, we can loop the fields recursively and convert to array data whenever the value is instanceof Psr\Http\Message\UploadedFileInterface, eg:
use Psr\Http\Message\UploadedFileInterface;
// ...
$data = $form->getData();
\array_walk_recursive($data, function (& $value) {
if ($value instanceof UploadedFileInterface) {
$value = [
'name' => $value->getClientFilename(),
'type' => $value->getClientMediaType(),
'size' => $value->getSize(),
'tmp_name' => $value->getStream()->getMetadata('uri'),
'error' => $value->getError(),
];
}
});
// ...
The data are now completely an array so we are safe to use in another use case, eg: save to temporary session for File PRG use case.
Using zend-expressive-session-cache as PSR-6 session persistence adapter in Expressive 3
zend-expressive-session-cache is a PSR-6 session persistence adapter for zend-expressive-session that can be used in Expressive 3. In current post, I will provide the use case of it with apcu for cache adapter with zend-cache for cache item pool.
Let’s start with create new project from skeleton with the following command:
➜ composer create-project \
zendframework/zend-expressive-skeleton \
expressive3-cache-tutorial
After the skeleton installed, we can require the zendframework/zend-expressive-session-cache and zend-cache with the following command:
➜ cd expressive3-cache-tutorial
➜ composer require \
zendframework/zend-expressive-session-cache \
zendframework/zend-cache
Now, ensure config/config.php has the following ConfigProviders registered:
<?php
// config/config.php
$aggregator = new ConfigAggregator([
// ...
\Zend\Cache\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Session\Cache\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Session\ConfigProvider::class,
// ...
], $cacheConfig['config_cache_path']);
For apcu adapter, we need the apcu extension to be installed, we can install via pecl like the following:
➜ sudo pecl install apcu
After it installed, we need to set apc.use_request_time = 0 in php.ini like the following:
# your php.ini apc.use_request_time = 0
For Cache Item Pool service, we can create a factory for it, for example, like the following:
<?php
// src/App/Cache/CacheItemPoolFactory.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Cache;
use Psr\Cache\CacheItemPoolInterface;
use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
use Zend\Cache\Psr\CacheItemPool\CacheItemPoolDecorator;
use Zend\Cache\StorageFactory;
final class CacheItemPoolFactory
{
public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) : CacheItemPoolInterface
{
$storage = StorageFactory::factory([
'adapter' => [
'name' => 'apcu',
],
]);
return new CacheItemPoolDecorator($storage);
}
}
We can register then the cache pool service and make alias of SessionPersistenceInterface with CacheSessionPersistence:
<?php
// config/autoload/dependencies.global.php
use App\Cache\CacheItemPoolFactory;
use Psr\Cache\CacheItemPoolInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\Cache\CacheSessionPersistence;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionPersistenceInterface;
return [
// ...
'aliases' => [
SessionPersistenceInterface::class => CacheSessionPersistence::class,
],
'factories' => [
CacheItemPoolInterface::class => CacheItemPoolFactory::class,
],
// ...
];
If we need a custom configuration for zend-expressive-session-cache, we can define at config/autoload/zend-expressive.global.php:
<?php
// config/autoload/zend-expressive.global.php
use Psr\Cache\CacheItemPoolInterface;
return [
// ...
'zend-expressive-session-cache' => [
'cache_item_pool_service' => CacheItemPoolInterface::class,
'cookie_name' => 'PHPSESSION',
'cookie_path' => '/',
'cache_limiter' => 'nocache',
'cache_expire' => 10800,
'last_modified' => null,
],
// ...
];
To start the session, we can apply Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware into config/pipeline.php before Zend\Expressive\Router\Middleware\RouteMiddleware registration:
<?php
use Zend\Expressive\Router\Middleware\RouteMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
// ...
$app->pipe(SessionMiddleware::class);
$app->pipe(RouteMiddleware::class);
// ...
The preparation done! Now, we can use it by consume it from via SessionMiddleware, for example, we need to generate “csrf” token when rendering the form, like I written at the CSRF usage in Expressive post, we can just use the session as is, and the cache will be used as session persistence:
<?php
// src/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Csrf\CsrfMiddleware;
// ...
private function getToken(SessionInterface $session, SessionCsrfGuard $guard)
{
if (! $session->has('__csrf')) {
return $guard->generateToken();
}
return $session->get('__csrf');
}
public function process(
ServerRequestInterface $request,
RequestHandlerInterface $handler
) : ResponseInterface
{
$guard = $request->getAttribute(CsrfMiddleware::GUARD_ATTRIBUTE);
$loginForm = new LoginForm($guard);
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
$token = $this->getToken($session, $guard);
// ...
}
// ...
That’s it!
Create Middleware for File Post/Redirect/Get in Expressive 3
Previously, I wrote a post about Post/Redirect/Get in Expressive 3 which specifically handle POST parsed body. How about File upload? Let’s do it!
In this post, I will do with Zend\Form component.
Let’s start by install a fresh skeleton:
$ composer create-project \
zendframework/zend-expressive-skeleton \
expressive-fileprg-tutorial
To save temporary the form data and its invalid input error messages during redirect, we can use session, so, we can require session components:
$ cd expressive-fileprg-tutorial
$ composer require \
zendframework/zend-expressive-session:^1.0.0 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-session-ext:^1.1.1
After above components installed, ensure that your config/config.php injected with ConfigProvider like below:
<?php
// config/config.php
$aggregator = new ConfigAggregator([
// session requirements
\Zend\Expressive\Session\Ext\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Session\ConfigProvider::class,
// ...
]);
The session middleware from zend-expressive-session component need to be registered in our config/pipeline.php before RouteMiddleware:
// config/pipeline.php // ... use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware; // ... $app->pipe(SessionMiddleware::class); $app->pipe(RouteMiddleware::class);
Next, we are going to require a form dependencies for it with a command:
$ composer require \
zendframework/zend-form:^2.11 \
zendframework/zend-i18n:^2.7
After above components installed, ensure that your config/config.php have sessions and form ConfigProviders:
<?php
// config/config.php
$aggregator = new ConfigAggregator([
// session requirements
\Zend\Expressive\Session\Ext\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Session\ConfigProvider::class,
// ...
// form requirements
\Zend\I18n\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Form\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\InputFilter\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Filter\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Hydrator\ConfigProvider::class,
]);
The New Middleware
We are going to create a middleware for our application, for example, we name it FilePrgMiddleware, placed at src/App/Middleware. I will explain part by part.
Unlike the normal PRG middleware in previous post, the FilePrgMiddleware need to bring the Zend\Form\Form object to be filtered and validated, so, it will be applied in the routes after the Page handler registration.
First, we check whether the request method is POST and has the media type is “multipart/form-data”, then applied POST and FILES data into the form instance. We can save form post and file data, a form filtered/validated data (“form->getData()”), and its form error messages into session. Next, we redirect to current page with status code = 303.
As I explored, the easiest way to work with zend-form for post and files data is by using zend-psr7bridge for it like below:
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
use Zend\Psr7Bridge\Psr7ServerRequest;
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
$zendRequest = Psr7ServerRequest::toZend($request);
$zendRequestHeaders = $zendRequest->getHeaders();
$isMultiPart = $zendRequestHeaders->has('Content-type')
? $zendRequestHeaders->get('Content-type')->getMediaType() === 'multipart/form-data'
: false;
if ($request->getMethod() === 'POST' && $isMultiPart === true) {
$postAndFileData = \array_merge_recursive(
$zendRequest->getPost()->toArray(),
$zendRequest->getFiles()->toArray()
);
$session->set('post_and_file_data', $postAndFileData);
$form->setData($postAndFileData);
if ($form->isValid()) {
$session->set('form_data', $form->getData());
}
if ($messages = $form->getMessages()) {
$session->set('form_errors', $messages);
}
return new RedirectResponse($request->getUri(), 303);
}
On next flow, we can check if the session has “post_and_file_data” key, set form error messages when session has “form_errors” key, and return Response.
if ($session->has('post_and_file_data')) {
$form->setData($session->get('post_and_file_data'));
$session->unset('post_and_file_data');
if ($session->has('form_errors')) {
$form->setMessages($session->get('form_errors'));
$session->unset('form_errors');
}
return new Response();
}
Above, we didn’t use the “form_data” session as the form data may be used in the page handler, so, we can handle it with keep the “form_data” as “form->getData()” result once by return Response above, and remove it when it already hit in next refresh, so next flow can be:
if ($session->has('form_data')) {
$session->unset('form_data');
}
return new Response();
The complete middleware class can be as follow:
<?php
// src/App/Middleware/FilePrgMiddleware.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Middleware;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
use Zend\Psr7Bridge\Psr7ServerRequest;
class FilePrgMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
{
public function process(
ServerRequestInterface $request,
RequestHandlerInterface $handler
) : ResponseInterface
{
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
$zendRequest = Psr7ServerRequest::toZend($request);
$zendRequestHeaders = $zendRequest->getHeaders();
$isMultiPart = $zendRequestHeaders->has('Content-type')
? $zendRequestHeaders->get('Content-type')->getMediaType() === 'multipart/form-data'
: false;
$form = $request->getAttribute('form');
if ($request->getMethod() === 'POST' && $isMultiPart === true) {
$postAndFileData = \array_merge_recursive(
$zendRequest->getPost()->toArray(),
$zendRequest->getFiles()->toArray()
);
$session->set('post_and_file_data', $postAndFileData);
$form->setData($postAndFileData);
if ($form->isValid()) {
$session->set('form_data', $form->getData());
}
if ($messages = $form->getMessages()) {
$session->set('form_errors', $messages);
}
return new RedirectResponse($request->getUri(), 303);
}
if ($session->has('post_and_file_data')) {
$form->setData($session->get('post_and_file_data'));
$session->unset('post_and_file_data');
if ($session->has('form_errors')) {
$form->setMessages($session->get('form_errors'));
$session->unset('form_errors');
}
return new Response();
}
if ($session->has('form_data')) {
$session->unset('form_data');
}
return new Response();
}
}
FilePrgMiddleware Service Registration
We can register the FilePrgMiddleware at src/App/ConfigProvider under getDependencies() function:
// src/App/ConfigProvider.php
use Zend\ServiceManager\Factory\InvokableFactory;
// ...
public function getDependencies() : array
{
return [
'factories' => [
// ...
Middleware\FilePrgMiddleware::class => InvokableFactory::class,
],
];
}
The Upload Form and Its Page
Time for usage. First, we can create an upload form, for example like below:
<?php
namespace App\Form;
use Zend\Form\Element\File;
use Zend\Form\Element\Submit;
use Zend\Form\Form;
use Zend\InputFilter\InputFilterProviderInterface;
use Zend\Validator\File\MimeType;
use Zend\Validator\File\Size;
use Zend\Filter\File\RenameUpload;
class UploadForm extends Form implements InputFilterProviderInterface
{
public function __construct()
{
parent::__construct('upload-form');
$this->init();
}
public function init()
{
$this->add([
'type' => File::class,
'name' => 'filename',
'options' => [
'label' => 'File upload',
],
]);
$this->add([
'name' => 'submit',
'type' => Submit::class,
'attributes' => [
'value' => 'Submit',
],
]);
}
public function getInputFilterSpecification()
{
return [
[
'name' => 'filename',
'required' => true,
'filters' => [
[
'name' => RenameUpload::class,
'options' => [
'target' => \getcwd() . '/public/uploads',
'use_upload_extension' => true,
'use_upload_name' => true,
'overwrite' => true,
'randomize' => false,
],
],
],
'validators' => [
[
'name' => Size::class,
'options' => [
'max' => '10MB',
],
],
[
'name' => MimeType::class,
'options' => [
'mimeType' => [
'image/jpg',
'image/jpeg',
'image/png',
],
]
]
],
],
];
}
}
To ensure the file upload correctly, I applied filter RenameUpload to move it to public/uploads directory. We can create an uploads directory by run command:
$ mkdir -p public/uploads && chmod 755 public/uploads
Next, we can create an Upload Page Handler :
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Handler;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\HtmlResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Template;
class UploadPageHandler implements MiddlewareInterface
{
private $template;
public function __construct(Template\TemplateRendererInterface $template)
{
$this->template = $template;
}
public function process(
ServerRequestInterface $request,
RequestHandlerInterface $handler
) : ResponseInterface
{
$data = [];
return new HtmlResponse($this->template->render('app::upload-page', $data));
}
}
We need template in templates/app/upload-page.phtml for it. For view, we can create a file:
$ touch templates/app/upload-page.phtml
and write with the form helper:
<?php // templates/app/upload-page.phtml echo $this->form($form);
As above UploadPageHandler require an TemplateRendererInterface service, we need factory for it, as follow:
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Handler;
use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Template\TemplateRendererInterface;
class UploadPageHandlerFactory
{
public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) : MiddlewareInterface
{
$template = $container->get(TemplateRendererInterface::class);
return new UploadPageHandler($template);
}
}
We can register the UploadPageHandler at src/App/ConfigProvider under getDependencies() function:
// src/App/ConfigProvider.php
use Zend\ServiceManager\Factory\InvokableFactory;
// ...
public function getDependencies() : array
{
return [
'factories' => [
// ...
Handler\UploadPageHandler::class => Handler\UploadPageHandlerFactory::class,
// ...
],
];
}
To make it accessible, we need to register its routing, for example, at config/routes.php:
return function (Application $app, MiddlewareFactory $factory, ContainerInterface $container) : void {
// ...
$app->route(
'/upload',
[
App\Handler\UploadPageHandler::class,
App\Middleware\FilePrgMiddleware::class,
],
[
'GET',
'POST'
],
'upload'
);
// ...
};
So, we will get the following display when access “/upload” page:
Using The FilePrg in UploadPageHandler
We can set the Zend\Form\Form instance into request attribute and call it handler, on form is valid, we can apply after its response check not a RedirectResponse.
use App\Form\UploadForm;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
// ...
public function process(
ServerRequestInterface $request,
RequestHandlerInterface $handler
) : ResponseInterface
{
$form = new UploadForm();
$request = $request->withAttribute('form', $form);
$response = $handler->handle($request);
if ($response instanceof RedirectResponse) {
return $response;
}
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
if ($session->has('form_data')) {
$formData = $session->get('form_data');
// we can returns RedirectResponse to "success upload" page,
// process form data,
// set view variable to allow display that the upload success,
// etc
}
$data = ['form' => $form];
return new HtmlResponse($this->template->render('app::upload-page', $data));
}
// ...
When we get invalid input, we will get the following form page like below:
When we refresh it, it will normal refresh and won’t call a duplicate form submission.
That’s it ;).
Create Middleware for Post/Redirect/Get in Expressive 3
Yesterday, we already explore about CSRF usage in Expressive 3 using zend-expressive-csrf component, which I gave the sample inside a Login Page which utilize both GET and POST in single page, which we need to tweak the csrf regeneration to ensure next retry will use newly regenerated token. As I noted in the last paragraph, the better usage is by using PRG ( Post/Redirect/Get ) or delegate to separate middleware and redirect back to its page. Today, we will explore how to create Post/Redirect/Get Middleware for Expressive 3.
Requirements
If you already followed my 4 previous expressive posts, all requirements already applied.
The New Middleware
We are going to create a middleware for our application, for example, we name it PrgMiddleware, placed at src/App/Middleware. I will explain part by part.
First, we check whether the request method is POST, then save the POST data into session with new key, eg: ‘post_data’, then redirect to current page with status code = 303.
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
// ...
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
if ($request->getMethod() === 'POST') {
$session->set('post_data', $request->getParsedBody());
return new RedirectResponse($request->getUri(), 303);
}
// ...
On next flow, we can check if the session has ‘post_data’ key:
if ($session->has('post_data')) {
$post = $session->get('post_data');
$session->unset('post_data');
$request = $request->withMethod('POST');
$request = $request->withParsedBody($post);
}
// ...
As in authentication process, we use Zend\Expressive\Authentication\Session\PhpSession::authenticate() which require request method to be POST and use its parsed body to be used for authentication, we need to set method to POST with parsed body of saved session with key ‘post_data’ which immediately removed above.
Lastly, we return the $handler->handle($request) as whenever response it used:
return $handler->handle($request);
The complete middleware class can be as follows:
<?php
// src/App/Middleware/PrgMiddleware.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Middleware;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
class PrgMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
{
public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
{
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
if ($request->getMethod() === 'POST') {
$session->set('post_data', $request->getParsedBody());
return new RedirectResponse($request->getUri(), 303);
}
if ($session->has('post_data')) {
$post = $session->get('post_data');
$session->unset('post_data');
$request = $request->withMethod('POST');
$request = $request->withParsedBody($post);
}
return $handler->handle($request);
}
}
PrgMiddleware Service Registration
We can register the PrgMiddleware at src/App/ConfigProvider under getDependencies() function:
// src/App/ConfigProvider.php
use Zend\ServiceManager\Factory\InvokableFactory;
// ...
public function getDependencies() : array
{
return [
'factories' => [
// ...
Middleware\PrgMiddleware::class => InvokableFactory::class,
],
];
}
Now, we can register it inside config/routes.php for login route after csrf middleware registrations:
// config/routes.php
$app->route('/login', [
// csrf
\Zend\Expressive\Csrf\CsrfMiddleware::class,
// prg middleware
App\Middleware\PrgMiddleware::class,
// login page
App\Handler\LoginPageHandler::class,
// authentication middleware
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware::class,
], ['GET', 'POST'],'login');
To make clear “post_data” executed, place the App\Middleware\PrgMiddleware::class at the very first in target redirect, eg: home route:
$app->get('/', [
// prg handling
App\Middleware\PrgMiddleware::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware::class,
App\Handler\HomePageHandler::class,
], 'home');
Using The Prg in LoginPageHandler
We can check if it is a PRG using the parsed body and use it to fill the form data:
// src/App/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
// ...
public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
{
$guard = $request->getAttribute(CsrfMiddleware::GUARD_ATTRIBUTE);
$loginForm = new LoginForm($guard);
$prg = $request->getParsedBody();
if ($prg) {
$loginForm->setData($prg);
if ($loginForm->isValid()) {
// ...
}
}
}
By above, we just need to generate the token once. The complete LoginPageHandler can be as follow:
<?php
// src/App/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Handler;
use App\Form\LoginForm;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\HtmlResponse;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Csrf\CsrfMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Flash\FlashMessageMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Template\TemplateRendererInterface;
class LoginPageHandler implements MiddlewareInterface
{
private $template;
public function __construct(TemplateRendererInterface $template)
{
$this->template = $template;
}
public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
{
$guard = $request->getAttribute(CsrfMiddleware::GUARD_ATTRIBUTE);
$loginForm = new LoginForm($guard);
$prg = $request->getParsedBody();
if ($prg) {
$loginForm->setData($prg);
if ($loginForm->isValid()) {
$response = $handler->handle($request);
$flashMessages = $request->getAttribute(FlashMessageMiddleware::FLASH_ATTRIBUTE);
if ($response->getStatusCode() !== 302) {
$flashMessages->flash('message', 'You are succesfully authenticated');
return new RedirectResponse('/');
}
$flashMessages->flash('message', 'Login Failure, please try again');
return new RedirectResponse('/login');
}
}
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
$token = $guard->generateToken();
return new HtmlResponse(
$this->template->render('app::login-page', [
'form' => $loginForm,
'token' => $token,
])
);
}
}
In view, we can just show the form:
<?php // templates/app/login-page.phtml
$form->get('csrf')->setValue($token);
$form->prepare();
echo $this->form($form);
Done 😉
Using zend-expressive-csrf with zend-form in Expressive 3
If you followed my post about authentication and authorization posts with Expressive 3, this time, I write another session related post for securing request, which uses zend-expressive-csrf with zend-form.
Setup
We already installed session and form components, so, we can just require the zend-expressive-csrf component via command:
$ composer require \
zendframework/zend-expressive-csrf:^1.0.0alpha1
On Login route, we register the csrf middleware before the LoginPageHandler:
// config/routes.php
$app->route('/login', [
// csrf middleware
\Zend\Expressive\Csrf\CsrfMiddleware::class,
App\Handler\LoginPageHandler::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware::class,
], ['GET', 'POST'],'login');
Csrf Validation in Form
We can inject the LoginForm with Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard instance which next we use it to validate csrf token.
// src/App/Form/LoginForm.php
use Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard;
// ...
private $guard;
public function __construct(SessionCsrfGuard $guard)
{
parent::__construct('login-form');
$this->guard = $guard;
$this->init();
}
// ...
In above __construct(), I call init() immediatelly on __construct() to add form elements on form creation, as we are going to inject the Form with Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard instance on LoginPageHandler which pulled from request object.
We then can add new element, for example, named: csrf as hidden input, as follows:
// src/App/Form/LoginForm.php
use Zend\Form\Element\Hidden;
// ...
public function init()
{
$this->add([
'type' => Hidden::class,
'name' => 'csrf',
]);
//...
}
// ...
To validate it, we register the csrf validation token by Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard in getInputFilterSpecification():
// src/App/Form/LoginForm.php
// ...
public function getInputFilterSpecification()
{
return [
[
'name' => 'csrf',
'required' => true,
'validators' => [
[
'name' => 'callback',
'options' => [
'callback' => function ($value) {
return $this->guard->validateToken($value);
},
'messages' => [
'callbackValue' => 'The form submitted did not originate from the expected site'
],
],
]
],
],
// ...
];
}
Above, we supply a callback validator (you can create a special validator just for it) with call the Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard::validateToken($value) which returns true when valid, and false when invalid. On invalid token, we will get callbackValue message key which we can customize its value.
The LoginPageHandler
As the Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard instance will be injected at the LoginPageHandler itself, we can remove the LoginForm from LoginPageHandler dependency, so, we just need to have TemplateRendererInterface:
// src/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
// ...
public function __construct(TemplateRendererInterface $template)
{
$this->template = $template;
}
// ...
The factory for it will remove LoginForm dependency as well, so just the template:
// src/Handler/LoginPageFactory.php
// ...
public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) : MiddlewareInterface
{
$template = $container->get(TemplateRendererInterface::class);
return new LoginPageHandler($template);
}
As the token csrf is a one time token, and we use a single page for both GET (show form) and POST (authenticate), we can create a function to get generated token to be called before POST method check, and when authentication failure or the form is invalid to ensure next retry will use newly generated token:
// src/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard;
// ...
private function getToken(SessionInterface $session, SessionCsrfGuard $guard)
{
if (! $session->has('__csrf')) {
return $guard->generateToken();
}
return $session->get('__csrf');
}
// ...
Now, the LoginForm and the token can be created during process() method:
// src/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Csrf\CsrfMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Csrf\SessionCsrfGuard;
// ...
public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
{
$guard = $request->getAttribute(CsrfMiddleware::GUARD_ATTRIBUTE);
$loginForm = new LoginForm($guard);
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
$token = $this->getToken($session, $guard);
// ...
}
On after form is valid check, the $token need to be re-generated:
// src/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
// ...
public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
{
// ...
if ($loginForm->isValid()) {
// ...
}
// re-new token on failure login or not valid form
$token = $this->getToken($session, $guard);
}
The $token will be consumed by view and can be set via template render:
// src/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
// ...
public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
{
// ...
return new HtmlResponse(
$this->template->render('app::login-page', [
'form' => $loginForm,
'error' => $error,
'token' => $token,
])
);
}
The View
Finally, we can set the csrf element value in view via form object, as follows:
<?php // templates/app/login-page.phtml
echo $error;
$form->get('csrf')->setValue($token);
$form->prepare();
echo $this->form($form);
All done, now, when the request is not using the session generated token, it will show form error:
The form submitted did not originate from the expected site
like the following screenshot:
Better Practice and Possible Refactor
For real application, it is better to use PRG or use another handler to handle it to be redirected back to the form when failure, so you don’t need to tweak the token regeneration as when form re-displayed again, it already in next request and we can just use the new token. I’ve written new post for create middleware for Post/Redirect/Get in Expressive 3 for it.
Using View Helper for Accessing zend-expressive-flash Messages in Expressive 3
If you already tried zend-expressive 3.0.0alpha3, and want to use flash message for it, you can use the new component: “zendframework/zend-expressive-flash”.
Setup
We need to require the component and its dependencies:
$ composer require
zendframework/zend-expressive-session:^1.0.0 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-session-ext:^1.0.0 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-flash:^1.0.0
After it, we can ensure that the ConfigProvider for above components registered at config/config.php:
$aggregator = new ConfigAggregator([
// ...
\Zend\Expressive\Session\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Session\Ext\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Flash\ConfigProvider::class,
// ...
]);
To make the flash messages available in all pages, we need to register it in the pipeline before RouteMiddleware piping:
use Zend\Expressive\Flash\FlashMessageMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
// ...
$app->pipe(SessionMiddleware::class);
$app->pipe(FlashMessageMiddleware::class);
$app->pipe(RouteMiddleware::class);
Get the Messages via View Helper
Most of the use cases, we are displaying the flash messages in the layout. If we are using zend-view for the template engine, we can create view helper to access the flash messages. What we need is a Zend\Expressive\Flash\FlashMessages instance with passes Zend\Expressive\Session\Session which passes $_SESSION into it if session status is active, as follows:
use Zend\Expressive\Session\Session;
use Zend\Expressive\Flash\FlashMessages;
// ...
$session = session_status() === PHP_SESSION_ACTIVE
? $_SESSION
: [];
$flashMessages = FlashMessages::createFromSession(new Session($session));
The messages is a private property “currentMessages” which currently no public function that returns it. We can wait for the PR for it to be merge or use it via ReflectionProperty or Closure
which can be called by method:
$flashMessages->getFlashes();
Knowing that, we can create the view helper as follows:
<?php
// src/App/View\Helper\Flash.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\View\Helper;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\Session;
use Zend\Expressive\Flash\FlashMessages;
use Zend\View\Helper\AbstractHelper;
class Flash extends AbstractHelper
{
public function __invoke() : array
{
$session = session_status() === PHP_SESSION_ACTIVE
? $_SESSION
: [];
$flashMessages = FlashMessages::createFromSession(
new Session($session)
);
return $flashMessages->getFlashes();
}
}
and register it into view_helpers config at src/App/ConfigProvider::__invoke():
// ...
public function __invoke() : array
{
return [
'dependencies' => $this->getDependencies(),
'templates' => $this->getTemplates(),
// register additional view helpers
'view_helpers' => [
'invokables' => [
'flash' => View\Helper\Flash::class,
],
],
];
}
// ...
Accessing Flash Messages in Layout
In layout, we can now access it via invoked flash view helper with loop the messages to be displayed:
<?php if ($flashes = $this->flash()) :?>
<ul>
<?php foreach($flashes as $message) : ?>
<li><?php echo $message; ?></li>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</ul>
<?php endif; ?>
Give it a try
You can now create a flash messages in some page and access it in next request in the layout, check the documentation for its usage!
Create Authorization functionality in Expressive 3
So, yesterday, I already posted about Authentication part in “Create Login functionality in Expressive 3” post, so, it’s time for authorization part. If you didn’t read that, please read first.
We will use role of user when deciding what access right of the user for accessed page. For example, we define role field in users table with the following SQL:
expressive=# ALTER TABLE users ADD COLUMN role character varying(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'user'; ALTER TABLE
Ok, we have new column named role with default value = ‘user’. So, we have existing data with role = ‘user’ :
expressive=# SELECT * FROM users; username | password | role ------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+------ samsonasik | $2a$06$uPvOqYT7fQFP5EYR2jzVrOefwU03GltjAHt.q8l1vWXmkTIbeBcHe | user
Let’s add another user with different role, eg: ‘admin’, as follows:
expressive=# INSERT INTO users(username, password, role) VALUES('admin', crypt('123456', gen_salt('bf')), 'admin');
INSERT 0 1
expressive=# SELECT * FROM users;
username | password | role
------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+-------
samsonasik | $2a$06$uPvOqYT7fQFP5EYR2jzVrOefwU03GltjAHt.q8l1vWXmkTIbeBcHe | user
admin | $2a$06$0pLYG/GVQOL6v9tLmjBB..cvUIk0vBdcDM8aV373AVO3ve9MdSbom | admin
(2 rows)
Perfect, now, we need to add sql_get_roles config under [‘authentication’][‘pdo’] to get role from users table, we can add at our config/autoload/local.php:
<?php
// config/autoload/local.php
return [
'authentication' => [
'pdo' => [
// ...
'sql_get_roles' => 'SELECT role FROM users WHERE username = :identity'
],
// ...
],
];
When we login and var_dump the session data, we will get the following array value:
// var_dump($session->get(UserInterface::class));
array (size=2)
'username' => string 'samsonasik' (length=10)
'roles' =>
array (size=1)
0 => string 'user' (length=4)
Until here we are doing great!
To differentiate access page, let’s create a different page for admin only, for example: AdminPageHandler:
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Handler;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\HtmlResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Template\TemplateRendererInterface;
class AdminPageHandler implements RequestHandlerInterface
{
private $template;
public function __construct(TemplateRendererInterface $template)
{
$this->template = $template;
}
public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface
{
return new HtmlResponse($this->template->render('app::admin-page', []));
}
}
with factory as follows:
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Handler;
use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Template\TemplateRendererInterface;
class AdminPageFactory
{
public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) : RequestHandlerInterface
{
$template = $container->get(TemplateRendererInterface::class);
return new AdminPageHandler($template);
}
}
We can register the AdminPageHandler middleware at App\ConfigProvider::getDependencies():
<?php
class ConfigProvider
{
public function getDependencies() : array
{
return [
'invokables' => [ /**/ ],
'factories' => [
// ...
Handler\AdminPageHandler::class => Handler\AdminPageFactory::class,
],
];
}
}
Then let’s define route for it, eg: ‘/admin’:
// config/routes.php
$app->route('/admin', [
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware::class,
App\Handler\AdminPageHandler::class,
], ['GET'], 'admin');
The view can just show it that it is currently at admin page:
<?php // templates/app/admin-page.phtml ?> Admin Page
So, if we logged in as role = user, and access `/admin’ page, we still can see the page.
Let’s authorize it!
First, we can add components for it, for example, we are going to use ACL, we can install expressive component for it via command:
$ composer require \
zendframework/zend-expressive-authorization:^1.0 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-authorization-acl:^1.0
It will install the following components:
* zendframework/zend-expressive-authorization
* zendframework/zend-permissions-acl
* zendframework/zend-expressive-authorization-acl
After they installed, ensure our config/config.php has registered the following ConfigProvider classes:
<?php
// config/config.php
$aggregator = new ConfigAggregator([
// ...
\Zend\Expressive\Authorization\Acl\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Authorization\ConfigProvider::class,
// ...
]);
Then, we can map Zend\Expressive\Authorization\AuthorizationInterface::class to Zend\Expressive\Authorization\Acl\ZendAcl::class at config/autoload/dependencies.global.php under alias to use the ZendAcl service :
<?php
// config/autoload/dependencies.global.php
return [
'dependencies' => [
'aliases' => [
// ...
Zend\Expressive\Authorization\AuthorizationInterface::class =>
Zend\Expressive\Authorization\Acl\ZendAcl::class
],
],
];
Roles, Resources, and Rights definitions
We can define roles, resources, and rights under [‘zend-expressive-authorization-acl’] config, for example, at config/autoload/zend-expressive.global.php:
<?php
// config/autoload/zend-expressive.global.php
return [
// ...
'zend-expressive-authorization-acl' => [
'roles' => [
'guest' => [],
'user' => ['guest'],
'admin' => ['user'],
],
'resources' => [
'home',
'admin',
'login',
'logout',
],
'allow' => [
'guest' => [
'login',
],
'user' => [
'logout',
'home',
],
'admin' => [
'admin',
],
],
],
// ...
];
I’m going to mark non-logged user with role = “guest”, “user” role will inherit all guest rights, and “admin” role inherit all user rights, that mean, admin can access what user can access, but not opposite.
The resources are route names that registered at config/routes.php.
Authorization Process
To get ‘roles’ value, we have Zend\Expressive\Authorization\AuthorizationMiddleware that checks from request attribute named Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface::class, we can define at config/pipeline.php before $app->pipe(DispatchMiddleware::class); with continue pipe the Zend\Expressive\Authorization\AuthorizationMiddleware after it, as follow:
// config/pipeline.php
$app->pipe(new class implements Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface{
public function process(
Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface $request,
Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface $handler
) : Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface {
$session = $request->getAttribute(
Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE
);
// No Session data
if (! $session->has(Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface::class)) {
$user = '';
$roles = ['guest'];
$request = $request->withAttribute(
Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface::class,
new Zend\Expressive\Authentication\DefaultUser(
$user,
$roles
)
);
$response = $handler->handle($request);
if ($request->getUri()->getPath() === '/login' || $response->getStatusCode() !== 403) {
return $response;
}
return new Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse('/login');
}
// at /login page, redirect to authenticated page
if ($request->getUri()->getPath() === '/login') {
return new Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse('/');
}
// define roles from DB
$sessionData = $session->get(Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface::class);
$request = $request->withAttribute(
Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface::class,
new Zend\Expressive\Authentication\DefaultUser(
$sessionData['username'],
$sessionData['roles']
)
);
return $handler->handle($request);
}
});
$app->pipe(\Zend\Expressive\Authorization\AuthorizationMiddleware::class);
$app->pipe(DispatchMiddleware::class);
When we logged as user, but want to access “admin” resource, eg: “/admin”, we will get “403 Forbidden” :
How about integration with “404” page?
With current setup, when we go to 404 page, eg: “/404”, we will get the “Resource ” not found”. To make it work with the NotFoundHandler, we need to inject NotFoundHandler to our authorization check. Let’s make above authorization check to a dedicated class with inject the NotFoundHandler, as follow:
<?php
namespace App\Middleware;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Authentication\DefaultUser;
use Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Handler\NotFoundHandler;
use Zend\Expressive\Router\RouteResult;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
class AuthorizationMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
{
private $notFoundHandler;
private $redirect;
public function __construct(NotFoundHandler $notFoundHandler, string $redirect)
{
$this->notFoundHandler = $notFoundHandler;
$this->redirect = $redirect;
}
public function process(
ServerRequestInterface $request,
RequestHandlerInterface $handler
) : ResponseInterface {
// 404 check early
$routeResult = $request->getAttribute(RouteResult::class);
if ($routeResult->isFailure()) {
return $this->notFoundHandler->handle($request, $handler);
}
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
// No Session data
if (! $session->has(UserInterface::class)) {
$user = '';
$roles = ['guest'];
$request = $request->withAttribute(
UserInterface::class,
new DefaultUser(
$user,
$roles
)
);
$response = $handler->handle($request);
if ($request->getUri()->getPath() === $this->redirect || $response->getStatusCode() !== 403) {
return $response;
}
return new RedirectResponse($this->redirect);
}
// at /login page, redirect to authenticated page
if ($request->getUri()->getPath() === $this->redirect) {
return new RedirectResponse('/');
}
// define roles from DB
$sessionData = $session->get(UserInterface::class);
$request = $request->withAttribute(
UserInterface::class,
new DefaultUser(
$sessionData['username'],
$sessionData['roles']
)
);
return $handler->handle($request);
}
}
With above “$routeResult->isFailure()” check in line 30 above, we return 404 page early before check against authorization.
For service creation, we can create a AuthorizationMiddlewareFactory for it:
<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Middleware;
use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Handler\NotFoundHandler;
class AuthorizationMiddlewareFactory
{
public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) : MiddlewareInterface
{
$notFoundHandler = $container->get(NotFoundHandler::class);
$redirect = $container->get('config')['authentication']['redirect'];
return new AuthorizationMiddleware($notFoundHandler, $redirect);
}
}
Now, we can register as a service for the AuthorizationMiddleware in the ConfigProvider class:
<?php
class ConfigProvider
{
public function getDependencies() : array
{
return [
'invokables' => [ /**/ ],
'factories' => [
// ...
Middleware\AuthorizationMiddleware::class => Middleware\AuthorizationMiddlewareFactory::class,
],
];
}
}
Now, in the pipeline, we have a cleaner, and with 404 handler integration:
$app->pipe(\Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware::class);
$app->pipe(RouteMiddleware::class);
// ...
$app->pipe(\App\Middleware\AuthorizationMiddleware::class);
$app->pipe(\Zend\Expressive\Authorization\AuthorizationMiddleware::class);
$app->pipe(DispatchMiddleware::class)
That’s it ;).
Create Login functionality in Expressive 3
Zend Expressive 3 is not released yet released, and expressive session related components are in active development ready to use. However, we already can give them a try.
Use case
For example, we need simple login functionalities:
- Login Form
- Authentication process, read from DB
- Save authenticated value to Session
Setup
First, we can install the Zend Expressive 3 skeleton with the following command:
$ composer create-project "zendframework/zend-expressive-skeleton:^3.0.0" expressive3
Important Notes:
When prompted with service container requirement, choose zend-servicemanager
When prompted with template engine requirement, choose zend-view
There are components that can be installed via command:
$ cd expressive3
$ composer require \
zendframework/zend-form:^2.11 \
zendframework/zend-i18n:^2.7 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-authentication:^1.0 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-authentication-session:^1.0 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-session:^1.0 \
zendframework/zend-expressive-session-ext:^1.0
After above components installed, ensure that your config/config.php injected with ConfigProvider like below:
<?php
// config/config.php
$aggregator = new ConfigAggregator([
// ... form requirements
\Zend\I18n\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Form\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\InputFilter\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Filter\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Hydrator\ConfigProvider::class,
// ...
// ... auth requirements
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\Session\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Session\ConfigProvider::class,
\Zend\Expressive\Session\Ext\ConfigProvider::class,
// ...
];
we can first setup database data, in this case, I tried with Postgresql:
$ createdb -Udeveloper expressive
Password:
$ psql -Udeveloper expressive
Password for user developer:
psql (10.1)
Type "help" for help.
expressive=# CREATE TABLE users(username character varying(255) PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, password text NOT NULL);
CREATE TABLE
expressive=# CREATE EXTENSION pgcrypto;
CREATE EXTENSION
expressive=# INSERT INTO users(username, password) VALUES('samsonasik', crypt('123456', gen_salt('bf')));
INSERT 0 1
Above, I create database named “expressive”, create table named “users” with username and password field, insert sample data with pgcrypto extension for create hashed password of 123456 using blowfish.
Now, we can setup the authentication configuration at config/autoload/local.php as follows:
<?php
// config/autoload/local.php
return [
'authentication' => [
'pdo' => [
'dsn' => 'pgsql:host=localhost;port=5432;dbname=expressive;user=developer;password=xxxxx',
'table' => 'users',
'field' => [
'identity' => 'username',
'password' => 'password',
],
],
'username' => 'username',
'password' => 'password',
'redirect' => '/login',
],
];
Then, we can map Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserRepositoryInterface::class to Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserRepository\PdoDatabase::class under alias and register Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationInterface::class under factories config at config/autoload/dependencies.global.php :
<?php
// config/autoload/dependencies.global.php
return [
'dependencies' => [
'aliases' => [
// ...
Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserRepositoryInterface::class =>
Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserRepository\PdoDatabase::class
],
'factories' => [
// ...
Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationInterface::class =>
Zend\Expressive\Authentication\Session\PhpSessionFactory::class,
],
// ...
],
];
For Session operations, we need Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware middleware before routing middleware, so, in config/pipeline.php, we call pipe on it before $app->pipe(RouteMiddleware::class);:
// ... $app->pipe(\Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware::class); // Register the routing middleware in the middleware pipeline $app->pipe(RouteMiddleware::class); // ...
as example: we want to redirect non-logged user to /login page, eg: at home page (/), we can register “home” routes config:
<?php
// config/routes.php
$app->route('/', [
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware::class,
App\Handler\HomePageHandler::class,
], ['GET'], 'home');
Now run the php -S command:
$ php -S localhost:8080 -t public
When access ‘/’ page via localhost:8080, we should be redirected to /login page which currently a 404 page, nice!
Login Page
First, we create a LoginForm with username and password field like the following:
<?php
// src/App/Form/LoginForm.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Form;
use Zend\Form\Element\Password;
use Zend\Form\Element\Text;
use Zend\Form\Form;
use Zend\InputFilter\InputFilterProviderInterface;
class LoginForm extends Form implements InputFilterProviderInterface
{
public function __construct()
{
parent::__construct('login-form');
}
public function init()
{
$this->add([
'type' => Text::class,
'name' => 'username',
'options' => [
'label' => 'Username',
],
]);
$this->add([
'type' => Password::class,
'name' => 'password',
'options' => [
'label' => 'Password',
],
]);
$this->add([
'name' => 'Login',
'type' => 'submit',
'attributes' => [
'value' => 'Login',
],
]);
}
public function getInputFilterSpecification()
{
return [
[
'name' => 'username',
'required' => true,
'filters' => [
['name' => 'StripTags'],
['name' => 'StringTrim'],
],
],
[
'name' => 'password',
'required' => true,
'filters' => [
['name' => 'StripTags'],
['name' => 'StringTrim'],
],
],
];
}
}
We then can create a login page handler with inject it with login form with the following factory:
<?php
// src/App/Handler/LoginPageFactory.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Handler;
use App\Form\LoginForm;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Template\TemplateRendererInterface;
use Zend\Form\FormElementManager;
class LoginPageFactory
{
public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) : MiddlewareInterface
{
$template = $container->get(TemplateRendererInterface::class);
$loginForm = $container->get(FormElementManager::class)
->get(LoginForm::class);
return new LoginPageHandler($template, $loginForm);
}
}
The LoginPageHandler itself can be initialized with :
<?php
// src/App/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace App\Handler;
use App\Form\LoginForm;
use Psr\Http\Server\MiddlewareInterface;
use Psr\Http\Server\RequestHandlerInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\HtmlResponse;
use Zend\Diactoros\Response\RedirectResponse;
use Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
use Zend\Expressive\Template\TemplateRendererInterface;
class LoginPageHandler implements MiddlewareInterface
{
private $template;
private $loginForm;
public function __construct(
TemplateRendererInterface $template,
LoginForm $loginForm
) {
$this->template = $template;
$this->loginForm = $loginForm;
}
public function process(ServerRequestInterface $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler) : ResponseInterface
{
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
if ($session->has(UserInterface::class)) {
return new RedirectResponse('/');
}
$error = '';
// handle authentication here Next
return new HtmlResponse(
$this->template->render('app::login-page', [
'form' => $this->loginForm,
'error' => $error,
])
);
}
}
Above, we redirect to ‘/’ page when there is a session data as it already authenticated check. We are going to add authentication process next.
The Login form can be as simple as the following:
<?php // templates/app/login-page.phtml echo $error; $form->prepare(); echo $this->form($form);
We can register the LoginPageHandler at App\ConfigProvider::getDependencies() config:
<?php
// src/App/ConfigProvider.php
class ConfigProvider
{
public function getDependencies() : array
{
return [
'invokables' => [ /**/ ],
'factories' => [
// ...
Handler\LoginPageHandler::class => Handler\LoginPageFactory::class,
],
];
}
}
The routing can be registered as follows with add \Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware::class for next middleware:
// config/routes.php
// ...
$app->route('/login', [
App\Handler\LoginPageHandler::class,
// for authentication next handling
\Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware::class,
], ['GET', 'POST'],'login');
Above, we allow ‘GET’ and ‘POST’ in same ‘/login’ page.
Authentication process
Time for authentication process, we utilize Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware class that registered at the last entry at the /login route, we can accomodate it after check of form is valid
<?php
// src/App/Handler/LoginPageHandler.php
class LoginPageHandler implements MiddlewareInterface
{
// ...
public function __construct(
TemplateRendererInterface $template,
LoginForm $loginForm) { /* */ }
public function process(
ServerRequestInterface $request,
RequestHandlerInterface $handler
) : ResponseInterface
{
// .......
$error = '';
if ($request->getMethod() === 'POST') {
$this->loginForm->setData($request->getParsedBody());
if ($this->loginForm->isValid()) {
$response = $handler->handle($request);
if ($response->getStatusCode() !== 302) {
return new RedirectResponse('/');
}
$error = 'Login Failure, please try again';
}
}
// ...
return new HtmlResponse(
$this->template->render('app::login-page', [
'form' => $this->loginForm,
'error' => $error,
])
);
}
We call handle($request) for next Zend\Expressive\Authentication\AuthenticationMiddleware with:
$response = $handler->handle($request);
if ($response->getStatusCode() !== 302) {
return new RedirectResponse('/');
}
When status code is not 301 302, it authenticated and session filled, we can then redirect to page that need to be authenticated to be access. Failure authentication default behaviour has 301 302 status code which we can set config “redirect” in “authentication” config, on above code, I just want to show it in the login form that the login failure, so I set the $error variable value to “Login Failure, please try again”, so when login failure, it will got the error like the following:
That’s it ;).
How about logout ? We can use clear() method from SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE attribute like the following:
use Zend\Expressive\Authentication\UserInterface;
use Zend\Expressive\Session\SessionMiddleware;
class LogoutPageHandler implements RequestHandlerInterface
{
public function handle(ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface
{
$session = $request->getAttribute(SessionMiddleware::SESSION_ATTRIBUTE);
if ($session->has(UserInterface::class)) {
$session->clear();
}
// ...
}
}
How about authorization part? You can read my next post about create authorization functionality in zend expressive 3
ErrorHeroModule : a Hero for Your Zend Mvc and Expressive Application
After > 1 year work with 52 releases, I think it is time to show off. Even you have 100% test coverage, error may can still happen, that’s why ErrorHeroModule was born. ErrorHeroModule is a Hero for your Zend Mvc, and zend-expressive application to trap php errors and exception with configureable options.
The logging storage is mainly a database, then can continue “log” to your email when you want it.
Features
1. Save to DB with Db Writer Adapter
We can choose using Zend\Db or Doctrine via DoctrineORMModule. The error log is recorded like below:
2. Log Exception (dispatch.error and render.error) and PHP Errors in all events process
This handle all Exceptions and Errors with support PHP 7 Error during MVC process or middleware flow.
3. Support excludes PHP E_* Error (eg: exclude E_USER_DEPRECATED) in config settings
This can be used when you have a functionality which has collection of E_* errors, and you need to keep the functionality to run.
4. Support excludes PHP Exception (eg: Exception class or classes that extends it) in config settings
This can be used when you have exceptions that you want to have special treatment.
5. Handle only once log error for same error per configured time range
This can be used when on some environment, eg: in production, we don’t want to get same error repeatly reported in some periodic time while we are fixing it.
6. Set default page (web access) or default message (console access) for error if configured ‘display_errors’ = 0
This can be used to set a “nice” page on web environment:
or content on console access:
7. Set default content when request is XMLHttpRequest via ‘ajax’ configuration
This can be used to set a default content when request is an XMLHttpRequest.
8. Provide request information ( http method, raw data, query data, files data, and cookie data )
This can be used to help reproduce the error.
9. Send Mail
This has options:
– many receivers to listed configured email
– with include $_FILES into attachments on upload error.
This can be used to help reproduce the error, with include uploaded data when error happen when we just submitted a form with upload process.
Support
This module support zend-mvc:^2.5 and zend-expressive:^1.1|^2.0 with php version ^5.6|^7.0. My plan is to drop php ^5.6 in version 2.
Limitations
There are some limitations right now and I want it to be implemented in next releases:
General functionality:
- Allow custom formatter when log to email, currently, it send Json format to email.
Current Json Formatter is really stable with the following format sample data:
{
"timestamp": "2017-12-20T15:23:00+07:00",
"priority": 3,
"priorityName": "ERR",
"message": "a sample error preview",
"extra": {
"url": "http://app.dev/error-preview",
"file": "/var/www/app/vendor/samsonasik/error-hero-module/src/Controller/ErrorPreviewController.php",
"line": 11,
"error_type": "Exception",
"trace": "#0 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-mvc/src/Controller/AbstractActionController.php(78): ErrorHeroModule\\Controller\\ErrorPreviewController->exceptionAction()
#1 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-eventmanager/src/EventManager.php(322): Zend\\Mvc\\Controller\\AbstractActionController->onDispatch(Object(Zend\\Mvc\\MvcEvent))
#2 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-eventmanager/src/EventManager.php(179): Zend\\EventManager\\EventManager->triggerListeners(Object(Zend\\Mvc\\MvcEvent), Object(Closure))
#3 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-mvc/src/Controller/AbstractController.php(106): Zend\\EventManager\\EventManager->triggerEventUntil(Object(Closure), Object(Zend\\Mvc\\MvcEvent))
#4 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-mvc/src/DispatchListener.php(138): Zend\\Mvc\\Controller\\AbstractController->dispatch(Object(Zend\\Http\\PhpEnvironment\\Request), Object(Zend\\Http\\PhpEnvironment\\Response))
#5 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-eventmanager/src/EventManager.php(322): Zend\\Mvc\\DispatchListener->onDispatch(Object(Zend\\Mvc\\MvcEvent))
#6 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-eventmanager/src/EventManager.php(179): Zend\\EventManager\\EventManager->triggerListeners(Object(Zend\\Mvc\\MvcEvent), Object(Closure))
#7 /var/www/app/vendor/zendframework/zend-mvc/src/Application.php(332): Zend\\EventManager\\EventManager->triggerEventUntil(Object(Closure), Object(Zend\\Mvc\\MvcEvent))
#8 /var/www/app/public/index.php(53): Zend\\Mvc\\Application->run()
#9 {main}",
"request_data": {
"query": [],
"request_method": "GET",
"body_data": [],
"raw_data": "",
"files_data": [],
"cookie_data": {
"ZS6SESSID": "pbihc9ts004oq4b5alg4tg91b6",
"PHPSESSID": "bkd7jaj22z936vstc9l0xuc9sr2dqp4g",
}
}
}
}
The drawback with allow custom formatter is you maintain/keep an eye yourself for the formatter you provide!
Zend Mvc application:
- Trap exception and error when they happen at
Module::init().
Zend Expressive application:
Make support for non zend-servicemanager for container.(support zend-servicemanager, symfony, aura, auryn, and pimple for zend-expressive application at version 2.9.0)Make support for non zend-view for custom page template engine when error happen.(supported at version 2.1.0)
That’s it for now. If you see something can be improved, please contribute! Thank you for all users that using it.
Auto add _links property of HAL Resources into all api service in Apigility
If you want to have the _links property value to HAL Resource in apigility api service, for example:
{
"id": 1,
"name": "Abdul Malik Ikhsan",
"_links": {
"self": {
"href": "http://api.dev/user/1"
}
}
}
you can do manually in every api service:
use ZF\ContentNegotiation\ViewModel;
use ZF\Hal\Entity as HalEntity;
use ZF\Hal\Link\Link;
// ...
public function userAction()
{
$halEntity = new HalEntity([
'id' => 1,
'name' => 'Abdul Malik Ikhsan',
]);
$link = $halEntity->getLinks();
$link->add(Link::factory(
[
'rel' => 'self',
'url' => $this->getRequest()->getUriString(),
]
));
return new ViewModel([
'payload' => $halEntity,
]);
}
// ...
You can eliminate that by apply via EventManager’s Shared Manager which attach to Zend\Mvc\Controller\AbstractActionController on dispatch event, like below:
namespace Application;
use Zend\Mvc\Controller\AbstractActionController;
use Zend\Mvc\MvcEvent;
use ZF\Hal\Link\Link;
use ZF\Hal\Plugin\Hal;
class Module
{
public function onBootstrap(MvcEvent $e)
{
$app = $e->getApplication();
$sharedEvm = $app->getEventManager()->getSharedManager();
$sharedEvm->attach(AbstractActionController::class, 'dispatch',
function($event) use ($sharedEvm) {
$uri = $event->getRequest()->getUriString();
$sharedEvm->attach(Hal::class, 'renderEntity', function($event) use ($uri) {
$event->getParam('entity')
->getLinks()
->add(Link::factory(
[
'rel' => 'self',
'url' => $uri,
]
));
});
},
100
);
}
public function getConfig() { /* */ }
}
On above code, we attach ZF\Hal\Plugin\Hal on renderEntity event which get the ZF\Hal\Entity object from ZF\ContentNegotiation\ViewModel payload property, and apply Link into it via ZF\Hal\Link\Link::factory().
Now, you can eliminate unneeded repetitive codes in all every api services.
Done 😉
Create ZF Client Authentication for Apigility Oauth with ApigilityConsumer
If you have Apigility as API builder in API side, and client app that consume it using Zend Framework 2/3 or ZF Expressive, you can create an authentication from the client application that call oauth in apigility side.
Zend\Authentication has AbstractAdapter that you can extends to create custom adapter for its need. Let’s assume the applications are like the following diagram:
[CLIENT - A ZF Application] [API - An Apigility Application]
| |
AuthController ZF\MvcAuth\Authentication\OAuth2Adapter
| |
| authenticateAction() |
| ------------------------------------> |
| identity json |
| <------------------------------------ |
On oauth result call, you may get the following result:
{
"access_token": "8e4b0e5ddc874a6f1500514ef530dbea3976ae77",
"expires_in": 3600,
"token_type": "Bearer",
"scope": null,
"refresh_token": "d19b79cd376924409c14ee46e5230617482fb169"
}
The ApigilityConsumer
ApigilityConsumer is a ZF2/ZF3 Apigility Client module (can also be used in ZF Expressive) to consume Apigility API Services.
You can install by run composer command:
composer require samsonasik/apigility-consumer
For full configurations and features, you can read at its README, for this post’s need, you can do something like this:
<?php
// config/autoload/apigility-consumer.local.php
return [
'apigility-consumer' => [
// your apigility host url
'api-host-url' => 'https://your.apigilty.api.host',
// your apigility oauth setting
'oauth' => [
'grant_type' => 'password',
'client_id' => 'your client id',
'client_secret' => 'your client secret',
],
],
];
and register the module into config/application.config.php or config/modules.config.php:
<?php
// config/application.config.php or config/modules.config.php
return [
'ApigilityConsumer', // <-- register here
'Application',
],
Create Adapter
You need to extends Zend\Authentication\Adapter\AbstractAdapter and implements Zend\Authentication\Adapter\AdapterInterface. So, You can have the class:
<?php
namespace Application\Adapter;
use ApigilityConsumer\Service\ClientAuthService;
use Zend\Authentication\Adapter\AbstractAdapter;
use Zend\Authentication\Adapter\AdapterInterface;
use Zend\Authentication\Result;
class ApigilityAuthenticationAdapter
extends AbstractAdapter
implements AdapterInterface
{
/**
* @var ClientAuthService
*/
private $clientAuthService;
/**
* @param ClientAuthService $clientAuthService
*/
public function __construct(ClientAuthService $clientAuthService)
{
$this->clientAuthService = $clientAuthService;
}
/**
* @return Result
*/
public function authenticate()
{
$clientResult = $this->clientAuthService->callAPI(
[
// your oauth registered route segment in apigility.
'api-route-segment' => '/oauth',
'form-data' => [
'username' => $this->getIdentity(),
'password' => $this->getCredential(),
],
'form-request-method' => 'POST',
]
);
if (! $clientResult->success) {
return new Result(Result::FAILURE, null, $clientResult::$messages);
}
return new Result(RESULT::SUCCESS, $clientResult->data);
}
}
Your can now build a factory from it:
<?php
namespace Application\Adapter;
use ApigilityConsumer\Service\ClientAuthService;
class ApigilityAuthenticationAdapterFactory
{
public function __invoke($container)
{
return new ApigilityAuthenticationAdapter(
$container->get(ClientAuthService::class)
);
}
}
You can then register at service_manager:
<?php
// module/Application/config/module.config.php
namespace Application;
'service_manager' => [
'factories' => [
// ...
Adapter\ApigilityAuthenticationAdapter::class => Adapter\ApigilityAuthenticationAdapterFactory::class,
],
],
For ZF Expressive, you can register under ‘dependencies’ key.
Set Adapter into AuthenticationService
You need to set authentication service’s adapter with defined adapter above with factory:
<?php
namespace Application\Factory;
use Application\Adapter\ApigilityAuthenticationAdapter;
use Zend\Authentication\AuthenticationService;
use Zend\Authentication\Storage\Session;
class AuthenticationServiceFactory
{
public function __invoke($container)
{
$adapter = $container->get(ApigilityAuthenticationAdapter::class);
return new AuthenticationService(
new Session(), // or your own storage implementing Zend\Authentication\Storage\StorageInterface
$adapter
);
}
}
You can then register also at service_manager:
<?php
// module/Application/config/module.config.php
namespace Application;
use Zend\Authentication\AuthenticationService;
'service_manager' => [
'factories' => [
// ...
AuthenticationService::class => Factory\AuthenticationServiceFactory::class,
],
],
For ZF Expressive, you can register under ‘dependencies’ key.
The AuthController::authenticate()
I assume that you already inject controler with login form, use “username” and “password” as field names, and fill the data, so, your AuthController::authenticate() can be like the following:
<?php
namespace Application\Controller;
use Application\Form\LoginForm;
use Zend\Authentication\AuthenticationService;
class AuthController
{
public function __construct(
AuthenticationService $authenticationService,
LoginForm $loginForm,
) { /* ...*/ }
public function authenticateAction()
{
/*
* check request and form validity here
*/
$formData = $this->loginForm->getData();
$this->authenticationService->getAdapter()
->setIdentity($formData['username'])
->setCredential($formData['password']);
$result = $this->authenticationService->authenticate();
if (!$result->isValid()) {
/**
* For security reason, you should not show user the reason of failure,
* However, if it actually needed for specific purpose, you can pull by call:
*
* $result->getMessages();
*
*/
return $this->redirect()->toRoute('/auth');
}
return $this->redirect()->toRoute('/account');
}
}
For ZF Expressive, you can create routed Authentication middleware.
That’s it, you’re now have successfully created a client authentication for your ZF2/ZF3 or ZF Expressive application that consume Apigility oauth.
Testing Zend Expressive 2 with kahlan 3
Zend\Expressive ^2.0 has different default approach for piping and routing middleware which is programmatically way. In this post, I am going to show you how you can test Zend\Expressive ^2.0 application, with assumption, you use its skeleton with kahlan 3.
First, of course, install the Expressive ^2.0 skeleton, for example, install into directory named “expressive2”:
$ composer create-project zendframework/zend-expressive-skeleton:^2.0 expressive2 Installing zendframework/zend-expressive-skeleton (2.0.0) - Installing zendframework/zend-expressive-skeleton (2.0.0) Downloading: 100% Created project in expressive2 > ExpressiveInstaller\OptionalPackages::install Setting up optional packages Setup data and cache dir Removing installer development dependencies What type of installation would you like? [1] Minimal (no default middleware, templates, or assets; configuration only) [2] Flat (flat source code structure; default selection) [3] Modular (modular source code structure; recommended) Make your selection (2): 3
Now, install kahlan:
$ cd expressive2 $ composer require kahlan/kahlan:^3.1
We are going to need the $app variable inside tests, for example, when testing functionality for each routed middlewares. To simplify and avoid repetitive code, we can register it into kahlan-config.php in root application:
// ./kahlan-config.php
use Kahlan\Filter\Filter;
use Zend\Expressive\Application;
Filter::register('initialize app', function($chain) {
$root = $this->suite();
ob_start();
$root->beforeAll(function ($var) {
ob_start();
$var->app = $app
= (require 'config/container.php')->get(Application::class);
require 'config/pipeline.php';
require 'config/routes.php';
});
return $chain->next();
});
Filter::apply($this, 'run', 'initialize app');
By assign $app into “$var->app” like above, the “$app” is accessible from entire tests via “$this->app”, so, we can write test like the following:
// ./src/App/spec/Action/HomePageActionSpec.php
namespace AppSpec\Action;
use Zend\Diactoros\ServerRequest;
describe('HomePageAction', function () {
describe('/', function () {
it('contains welcome message', function () {
$serverRequest = new ServerRequest([], [], '/', 'GET');
$this->app->run($serverRequest);
$actual = ob_get_clean();
expect($actual)->toContain('Welcome to <span class="zf-green">zend-expressive</span>');
});
});
});
Now, let’s run the tests:
$ vendor/bin/kahlan --spec=src/App/spec/
_ _
/\ /\__ _| |__ | | __ _ _ __
/ //_/ _` | '_ \| |/ _` | '_ \
/ __ \ (_| | | | | | (_| | | | |
\/ \/\__,_|_| |_|_|\__,_|_| | |
The PHP Test Framework for Freedom, Truth and Justice.
Working Directory: /Users/samsonasik/www/expressive2
. 1 / 1 (100%)
Expectations : 1 Executed
Specifications : 0 Pending, 0 Excluded, 0 Skipped
Passed 1 of 1 PASS in 0.375 seconds (using 8Mo)
That’s it 😉
Functional Test for Zend\Expressive Routed Middleware with Kahlan ^3.0
You may tried do functional test Zend\Expressive Routed Middleware and end up with “Unable to emit response; headers already sent” error.
This can happen because of during run test, the Test framework itself already run fwrite() or echo to build test report, and make the headers_sent() return true.
To handle that, we can use ob_start(), but since the header is sent in the background, we need to place in both places:
- test bootstrap
- before each test
Seriously? Yes! That’s make sure we only get Diactoros response that we use in the buffer to be tested.
Preparation
As usual, we need require kahlan/kahlan:^3.0 in require-dev:
$ composer require --dev kahlan/kahlan:^3.0 --sort-packages
Set Kahlan’s Bootstrap and before each globally
In Kahlan, we can set tests bootstrap and what in all before each test with Kahlan\Filter\Filter in kahlan-config.php, so we can write:
<?php
//kahlan-config.php
use Kahlan\Filter\Filter;
ob_start();
Filter::register('ob_start at each', function($chain) {
$root = $this->suite();
$root->beforeEach(function () {
ob_start();
});
return $chain->next();
});
Filter::apply($this, 'run', 'ob_start at each');
Write Spec and Run In Action
Now, if we use Expressive skeleton application, and for example, we need to test App\Action\PingAction routed middleware, we can write spec in spec directory:
. ├── composer.json ├── config ├── data ├── kahlan-config.php ├── public ├── spec │ └── App │ └── Action │ ├── PingActionDispatchSpec.php ├── src │ └── App │ └── Action │ ├── PingAction.php
As the App\Ping\PingAction is return Zend\Diactoros\Response\JsonResponse which contains “ack” data with time() method call:
return new JsonResponse(['ack' => time()]);
The spec can be the following:
<?php
namespace AppSpec\Action;
use Zend\Diactoros\ServerRequest;
use Zend\Expressive\Application;
describe('PingAction Dispatch', function () {
beforeAll(function() {
$container = require 'config/container.php';
$this->app = $container->get(Application::class);
});
describe('/api/ping', function () {
it('contains json "ack" data', function () {
allow('time')->toBeCalled()->andReturn('1484291901');
$serverRequest = new ServerRequest([], [], '/api/ping', 'GET');
$this->app->run($serverRequest);
$actual = ob_get_clean();
expect($actual)->toBe('{"ack":"1484291901"}');
});
});
});
The ob_start() will automatically called during test bootstrap and before each test.
Now, we can run the test:
$ vendor/bin/kahlan --coverage=4 --src=src/App/Action/PingAction.php
_ _
/\ /\__ _| |__ | | __ _ _ __
/ //_/ _` | '_ \| |/ _` | '_ \
/ __ \ (_| | | | | | (_| | | | |
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The PHP Test Framework for Freedom, Truth and Justice.
Working Directory: /Users/samsonasik/www/expressive
. 1 / 1 (100%)
Expectations : 1 Executed
Specifications : 0 Pending, 0 Excluded, 0 Skipped
Passed 1 of 1 PASS in 0.210 seconds (using 7Mo)
Coverage Summary
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Total: 100.00% (1/1)
Coverage collected in 0.003 seconds (using an additionnal 0o)
Done 😉
Apigility: Create custom Authentication for Oauth2 with service delegators
Custom authentication in apigility is do-able with service delegators. We need to wrap ZF\MvcAuth\Authentication\DefaultAuthenticationListener::class in decorator. For example, we want to use ZF\OAuth2\Adapter\PdoAdapter but want to modify checkUserCredentials($username, $password) to include is_active check. Let’s do it!
- Setup Apigility Authentication with Oauth2
- With in assumption, we have the following config:
return [ // ... config/autoload/local.php 'zf-oauth2' => [ 'db' => [ 'driver' => 'PDO_Mysql', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => '', 'dsn' => 'mysql:host=localhost;dbname=app_oauth', ], ], // ... ];We can then modify
config/autoload/zf-mvc-auth-oauth2-override.global.phpas follows:// config/autoload/zf-mvc-auth-oauth2-override.global.php return [ 'service_manager' => [ 'factories' => [ 'ZF\OAuth2\Service\OAuth2Server' => 'Application\MvcAuth\NamedOAuth2ServerFactory', ], ], ]; - Define our own
NamedOAuth2ServerFactoryto use our ownOAuth2ServerFactoryforOAuth2\Serverinstance creationnamespace Application\MvcAuth; use Interop\Container\ContainerInterface; class NamedOAuth2ServerFactory { /** * @param ContainerInterface $container * * @return callable */ public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) { $config = $container->get('config'); $mvcAuthConfig = isset($config['zf-mvc-auth']['authentication']['adapters']) ? $config['zf-mvc-auth']['authentication']['adapters'] : []; $servers = (object) ['application' => null, 'api' => []]; return function ($type = null) use ( $mvcAuthConfig, $container, $servers ) { foreach ($mvcAuthConfig as $name => $adapterConfig) { if (!isset($adapterConfig['storage']['route'])) { // Not a zf-oauth2 config continue; } if ($type !== $adapterConfig['storage']['route']) { continue; } // Found! return $servers->api[$type] = OAuth2ServerFactory::factory( $adapterConfig['storage'], $container ); } }; } } - Create our
Application\MvcAuth\OAuth2ServerFactorybased on\ZF\MvcAuth\Factory\OAuth2ServerFactorynamespace Application\MvcAuth; use Interop\Container\ContainerInterface; use OAuth2\GrantType\AuthorizationCode; use OAuth2\GrantType\ClientCredentials; use OAuth2\GrantType\RefreshToken; use OAuth2\GrantType\UserCredentials; use OAuth2\GrantType\JwtBearer; use OAuth2\Server as OAuth2Server; final class OAuth2ServerFactory { private function __construct() { } public static function factory(array $config, ContainerInterface $container) { $allConfig = $container->get('config'); $oauth2Config = isset($allConfig['zf-oauth2']) ? $allConfig['zf-oauth2'] : []; $options = self::marshalOptions($oauth2Config); $oauth2Server = new OAuth2Server( $container->get(\ZF\OAuth2\Adapter\PdoAdapter::class), $options ); return self::injectGrantTypes($oauth2Server, $oauth2Config['grant_types'], $options); } private static function marshalOptions(array $config) { // same as \ZF\MvcAuth\Factory\OAuth2ServerFactory::marshalOptions() } private static function injectGrantTypes( OAuth2Server $server, array $availableGrantTypes, array $options ) { // same as \ZF\MvcAuth\Factory\OAuth2ServerFactory::injectGrantTypes() } } - As we want custom PdoAdapter, we need to map
\ZF\OAuth2\Adapter\PdoAdapter::classto ourPdoAdapter, for example:Application\MvcAuth\PdoAdapter:namespace Application\MvcAuth; use Zend\Crypt\Bcrypt; use ZF\OAuth2\Adapter\PdoAdapter as BasePdoAdapter; class PdoAdapter extends BasePdoAdapter { public function checkUserCredentials($username, $password) { $stmt = $this->db->prepare( 'SELECT * from oauth_users where username = :username and is_active = 1' ); $stmt->execute(compact('username')); $result = $stmt->fetch(); if ($result === false) { return false; } // bcrypt verify return $this->verifyHash($password, $result['password']); } } - For our
Application\MvcAuth\PdoAdapter, we need to define factory for it:namespace Application\MvcAuth; use Interop\Container\ContainerInterface; use ZF\OAuth2\Factory\PdoAdapterFactory as BasePdoAdapterFactory; class PdoAdapterFactory extends BasePdoAdapterFactory { public function __invoke(ContainerInterface $container) { $config = $container->get('config'); return new PdoAdapter([ 'dsn' => $config['zf-oauth2']['db']['dsn'], 'username' => $config['zf-oauth2']['db']['username'], 'password' => $config['zf-oauth2']['db']['password'], 'options' => [], ], []); } } - Register the adapter into service manager into
config/autoload/global.php// config/autoload/global.php return [ // ... 'service_manager' => [ 'factories' => [ \ZF\OAuth2\Adapter\PdoAdapter::class => \Application\MvcAuth\PdoAdapterFactory::class, ], ], // ... ]; -
Time to attach the
\ZF\OAuth2\Adapter\PdoAdapterinto our delegated serviceZF\MvcAuth\Authentication\DefaultAuthenticationListenervia delegator factorynamespace Application\MvcAuth; use Interop\Container\ContainerInterface; use OAuth2\Server as OAuth2Server; use Zend\ServiceManager\Factory\DelegatorFactoryInterface; use ZF\MvcAuth\Authentication\OAuth2Adapter; class AuthenticationListenerDelegatorFactory implements DelegatorFactoryInterface { public function __invoke( ContainerInterface $container, $name, callable $callback, array $options = null ) { $listener = call_user_func($callback); $listener->attach( new OAuth2Adapter( new Oauth2Server( $container->get(\ZF\OAuth2\Adapter\PdoAdapter::class), ['Bearer'] ) ) ); return $listener; } } -
Last one! Register our
AuthenticationListenerDelegatorFactoryinto service delegators:// config/autoload/global.php return [ // ... 'service_manager' => [ 'delegators' => [ \ZF\MvcAuth\Authentication\DefaultAuthenticationListener::class => [ \Application\MvcAuth\AuthenticationListenerDelegatorFactory::class ], ], ], // ... ];
Done 😉
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